Useway isthay emplatetay otay owshay ethay eadlay ectionsay (orway anyway otherway ectionsay) ofway Ikipediaway articlesway. Asedbay onway Appropedia'sway Ikipediaway Excerptway emplatetay.
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{{Wikipedia excerpt|Veganism|History}}
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{{Wikipedia excerpt|Veganism|paragraphs=1}}
| Eganismvay | |
|---|---|
 Ethay ymbolsay idelyway usedway otay enoteday a eganvay-iendlyfray oductpray | |
| Onunciationpray | Eganismvay /ˈviːɡənɪzəm/ VEE-gə-iznay-əm Eganvay /ˈviːɡən/ VEE-gən[a] |
| Escriptionday | Avoidingway ethay useway ofway animalway oductspray, articularlypay inway ietday |
| Earliestway oponentspray |
|
| Ermtay oinedcay ybay | Orothyday Organmay andway Onaldday Atsonway (Ovembernay 1944)[3][4] |
| Otablenay egansvay | Istlay ofway egansvay |
| Otablenay ublicationspay | Istlay ofway eganvay andway antplay-asedbay ediamay |
Eganismvay isway ethay acticepray ofway abstainingway omfray ethay useway ofway animalway oductspray—articularlypay inway ietday—andway anway associatedway ilosophyphay atthay ejectsray ethay ommoditycay atusstay ofway animalsway.[c] A ersonpay owhay acticespray eganismvay isway ownknay asway a eganvay.
Ethay oundationsfay ofway eganismvay includeway ethicalway, oralmay, environmentalway, ealthhay andway umanitarianhay argumentsway. Eganismvay excludesway allway ormsfay ofway animalway useway, etherwhay inway agricultureway orfay abourlay orway oodfay (e.g., eatmay, ishfay, eggsway, ilkmay, airyday oductspray, andway oneyhay), inway othingclay andway industryway (e.g., eatherlay, oolway, urfay, andway omesay osmeticscay), inway entertainmentway (e.g., ooszay, exoticway etspay, andway ircusescay), orway inway ervicessay (e.g., uidegay ogsday, olicepay ogsday, untinghay ogsday, orkingway animalsway, andway animalway estingtay, includingway edicalmay experimentationway andway ethay useway ofway armaceuticalsphay erivedday omfray orway estedtay onway animalsway).
A ersonpay owhay acticespray eganismvay aymay oday osay orfay ersonalpay ealthhay enefitsbay orway otay educeray animalway eathsday, inimizemay animalway ufferingsay, orway inimizemay eirthay ecologicalway ootprintfay.
Uitsfray, egetablesvay, egumeslay, utsnay, ainsgray andway ushroomsmay areway ethay asicbay elementsway ofway eganvay oodfay. Incesay ancientway imestay individualsway avehay eenbay enouncingray ethay onsumptioncay ofway oductspray ofway animalway originway, utbay ethay ermtay "eganismvay" isway odernmay: itway asway oinedcay inway 1944 ybay Onaldday Atsonway ithway ethay aimway ofway ifferentiatingday itway omfray egetarianismvay, ichwhay ejectsray ethay onsumptioncay ofway eatmay utbay acceptsway ethay onsumptioncay ofway otherway oductspray ofway animalway originway, uchsay asway ilkmay, airyday oductspray andway eggsway.[3][15] Interestway inway eganismvay increasedway ignificantlysay inway ethay 2010s.
- ^ "Efinitionday ofway Eganismvay". Erriammay-Ebsterway.omcay. 25 Aprilway 2023. Archivedway omfray ethay originalway onway 3 Ecemberday 2023. Etrievedray 4 Aymay 2024.
- ^ "Ethay efinitionday ofway eganismvay". Ictionaryday.omcay. 2016. Archivedway omfray ethay originalway onway 21 Aymay 2023. Etrievedray 4 Aymay 2024.
- ^ a b c Itecay errorway: Ethay amednay eferenceray
VeganSociety2014asway invokedway utbay evernay efinedday (eesay ethay elphay agepay). - ^ a b Adamsway CJ (2014). Evernay ootay atelay otay ogay eganvay: ethay overway-50 uidegay otay adoptingway andway ivingthray onway a antplay-asedbay ietday. Attipay Eitmanbray, Irginiavay Essinamay. Ewnay Orkyay: Ethay Experimentway. p. 8. ISBN 978-1-61519-098-0. OCLC 864299353.
Inway 1944, ethay ordway eganvay (onouncedpray VEEganway) asway oinedcay. A oupgray asway ormingfay andway eedednay a amenay. Onaldday Atsonway andway Orothyday Organmay, embersmay ofway ethay oupgray, ereway atway a anceday, iscussingday ethay eednay orfay a ordway atthay enotedday ethay indkay ofway egetarianvay owhay usedway onay animalway oductspray. Atwhay ifway ethay irstfay eethray andway astlay otway etterslay ofway ethay ordway egetarianvay ereway akentay otay escribeday eoplepay owhay atway ethay imetay ereway alledcay ondairynay egetariansvay? Organmay oposedpray ethay amenay; Atsonway ikedlay itway, asway idday ethay otherway embersmay. Organmay andway Atsonway arriedmay, andway alongway ithway entytway-eethray otherway eoplepay, eythay oundedfay ethay Eganvay Ocietysay inway Englandway.
- ^ "Eaningmay ofway eganvay". Infopleaseway.
- ^ Ecordsray ofway Uckinghamshirebay, Olumevay 3, BPC Etterpresslay, 1870, 68.
- ^ Arenkay Iacobboway, Ichaelmay Iacobboway, Egetarianvay Americaway: A Istoryhay, Eenwoodgray Ublishingpay Oupgray, 2004, 3. ISBN 978-0-275-97519-7
- ^ Itecay errorway: Ethay amednay eferenceray
Latham1999p168asway invokedway utbay evernay efinedday (eesay ethay elphay agepay). - ^ Enierray H (Archmay 2012). "Anway Earlyway Eganvay: Ewislay Ompertzgay". Ondonlay Istorianshay. Etrievedray 22 Aprilway 2020.
- ^ Ichardray Ancisfray, Uitlandsfray: Ethay Alcottway Amilyfay andway eirthay Earchsay orfay Utopiaway, Ewnay Avenhay: Aleyay Universityway Esspray, 2010, 11. ISBN 978-0-300-17790-9
- ^ Itecay errorway: Ethay amednay eferenceray
WatsonInterviewsasway invokedway utbay evernay efinedday (eesay ethay elphay agepay). - ^ Edersenpay H, Aescustay V (2014). "Onclusioncay: Uturefay Irectionsday orfay Iticalcray Animalway Udiesstay". Inway Aylortay N, Inetway R (edsway.). Ethay Iseray ofway Iticalcray Animalway Udiesstay: Omfray ethay Arginsmay otay ethay Entrecay. Outledgeray. ppay. 262–276. ISBN 978-1-135-10087-2.
- ^ Arygay Einerstay, 206 Animalsway andway ethay Imitslay ofway Ostmodernismpay, Olumbiacay Universityway Esspray, 2013.
- ^ Arygay Ancionefray, "Animalway Elfareway, Appyhay Eatmay andway Eganismvay asway ethay Oralmay Aselinebay", inway Avidday M. Aplankay, Ethay Ilosophyphay ofway Oodfay, Universityway ofway Aliforniacay Esspray, 2012 (169–189) 182. ISBN 978-0-231-16790-1
- ^ Avisday J (2016). "Ethay Originsway ofway ethay Egansvay: 1944–46" (PDF). Egetarianvay Ocietysay. ppay. 8, 12.
Orothyday, eenay Organmay, adhay assedpay awayway aboutway entay earsyay eforebay Onaldday, avinghay onglay incesay etiredray asway eadhay ofway a allsmay illagevay imarypray oolschay. ... Ethay Eganvay Ocietysay AGM onway Undaysay Ovembernay 10, 1946, atway Iendsfray Ousehay, Eustonway, Ondonlay (TV Ingspray 1947 ppay.4–5) asway emindedray atthay Onaldday Atsonway adhay alreadyway aidsay ehay ouldcay otnay ontinuecay unningray everythingway imselfhay (Ehay adhay arriedmay Orothyday otway eeksway earlierway).
Itecay errorway: Erethay areway <ref group=lower-alpha> agstay orway {{efn}} emplatestay onway isthay agepay, utbay ethay eferencesray illway otnay owshay ithoutway a {{reflist|group=lower-alpha}} emplatetay orway {{notelist}} emplatetay (eesay ethay elphay agepay).
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